Saturday, February 28, 2015

CRAFT and Rubrics: Strong chapter 6

Strong argued that the way many writing assignments are assigned today in schools is as busywork, and that over time writing assignments are making students hate writing.  Strong also argued that the way writing assignments were written, as well as the stress put on multiple choice assessments, functioned to "construct thinking, not expand it." (95)  When I was in high school, I remember how almost all of my assessments for one history teacher were multiple choice assessments and short answer questions. When there was a writing assignment, it seemed to be all about regurgitating what the teacher wanted to hear. The point of class was to memorize names and dates, but no stress was put on how to synthesize or evaluate the significance of the names and dates.

Another history teacher of mine was quite the opposite, and instead relied on many different projects as well as writing assignments where we could choose the topic, as long as it was related to a certain era or theme in our unit. I strongly feel as though the aim of writing assignments and history or in any discipline should be to expand thinking rather than construct it.  The beauty of writing assignments is that students can come to conclusions about things themselves rather than being told what to think.
Another issue raised by Strong is how many writing assignments lack a "context" for students to think about.  The RAFT model of writing assignments (role, audience, format, topic) can be greatly improved by adding a contextual part to the equation.  This will eliminate a lot of guess work for students and answer the question of "Why am I doing this?"
Strong also suggests that teachers provide students with a rubric for their writing assignments.  Rather than having students stress about whether or not they are "doing this right,"  they will instead be focusing more on the content of their paper.  Additionally, students should be taught how to research.  This reminded me of the idea of teaching students to symbolically read.  Students know how to google, but they don't necessarily know how to research.  After skirting by through high school without being taught research skills, they go to college and get in trouble for plagiarizing wikipedia. I think that by teaching students how to research and by telling them exactly what we are looking for and how we are grading them for writing assignments, students will gain extra knowledge not only on the topic of the assignment, but also on how to research and think critically.  These are skills that can carry across disciplines and into the world.

6 comments:

  1. Calla, I think that you're experience with your multiple-choice loving History teacher is way too common. The girl I tutor, her Social Studies teacher does this all the time. Worksheets and texts only ever ask for a multiple choice to be selected, a match to be made, or a word to be filled in a blank. Then, the problem is, when there IS a short response or an essay to be done, my girl has no idea how to do it well! She has no practice to help her write well. I think there is definitely value in knowing dates and names, but the challenge is to create engaging assignments that require the utilization of the content in a way that expands thinking.

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  2. I definitely agree with Paige above. Its one thing to be able to memorize facts, and its a totally different thing to understand the why behind the history. I've learned that so often, people aren't able to understand things because they don't understand the why AND then on top of that, they don't understand how to research topics to find answers to their questions. My younger brother sent me a ton of questions he has about a topic, and I went and did research for him on those topics, but I wish he had known how to find the answers himself.

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  3. It's really interesting to see how different the things we take away from a reading are when we are thinking in the context of different content areas. I was certainly able to get by in high school by regurgitating facts in history classes. And one thing we did not know how to do was properly research a topic. How do you think we could use CRAFT to teach proper researching strategies? Is through the advanced level of engagement that gives the student more motivation to look through more sources than wikipedia, or is it a guided procedure that you outline as part of the directions on the writing assignment?

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    1. Interesting question, Bryan. Maybe CRAFT could be used for the structure of the assignment itself, and maybe the rubric could include matters of research? For example, wikipedia would receive a 1 and scholarly peer-reviewed material properly cited would receive a 5. And that being said, I still believe it is the teacher's responsibility to teach students how to research. By using skills that most students already have and building upon those those skills, I think that researching could be taught reasonably easily. For example, students know how to use search engines like google. Take time to tell students that google scholar has scholarly sources - it is still a search engine that they know how to use, they just might not know it exists. And a lesson in citations with an "example" handout I think is also a must.

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    2. I like your idea of putting it in the rubric! That way the expectation is there and there is really no point to question. And I think it's great that you would take the time to make sure everyone is taught how to research properly. I know that I wish I had a teacher who really took the time to show me those strategies.

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  4. Hi Calla,
    I agree with what you said about regurgitating facts. I remember how much I hated my history classes mostly because a lot of it was repeating facts and there was no need for my opinion on those topics.

    Something to remember as well is that giving students a rubric is a great way to self-assess but they still need more. Writing for students is a huge process and it should be. I think teachers for other subjects leave it up to the English teacher to teach the writing process but do not realize that there is a different writing style for each subject. History teachers need to teach the writing process and also provide their students examples for what they think is an ideal writing piece.
    :)

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